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Articles

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  1. Supervised Consumption Sites (SCS) are an evidence-based harm reduction intervention that reduces the risk of fatal drug poisonings. However, these approaches have faced political opposition in Canada, resulti...

    Authors: Morgan Magnuson, Shannon Vandenberg, Tracy Oosterbroek and Kevin Dey
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:98
    Content type: Research Published on:

  2. Opioid use disorder is a chronic disorder with a high risk of overdose-related morbidity and mortality where a large proportion of these can be averted by timely administration of the antidote naloxone. For na...

    Authors: Katja Troberg, Pernilla Isendahl, Disa Dahlman and Anders Håkansson
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:97
    Content type: Research Published on:

  3. Open drug scenes are characterized by public gatherings of people who use drugs (PWUD) for the purpose of drug consumption and trade, often related to poor health conditions as risk of overdose, a higher preva...

    Authors: Daniel Deimel, Lucie Feldmann, Norbert Scherbaum, Christine Firk and Simon Fleißner
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:96
    Content type: Research Published on:

  4. Xylazine, commonly known as ‘Tranq,’ is a veterinary tranquilizer that is increasingly found in the recreational opioid supply, complicating the user experience. Xylazine-adulterated fentanyl is associated wit...

    Authors: Aaron Salwan, KariLynn Dowling-McClay, Daniel Greer, Ali AlAli and Bill Brooks
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:95
    Content type: Research Published on:

  5. Europe has been the first home for the harm reduction movement, acknowledging its values and principles relatively early, although not without challenges. Built on successful experiences starting in the early ...

    Authors: Iga Jeziorska, Thomas F. Martinelli and John-Peter Kools
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:94
    Content type: Perspective Published on:

  6. Harm-reduction strategies are interventions designed to mitigate the adverse effects of substance use, without requiring abstinence. Evidence supports the effectiveness and efficacy of harm reduction as a broa...

    Authors: Jens Christoffer Skogen, Katharina Natalie Gottschlich, Martin Blindheim and Janne Årstad
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:93
    Content type: Brief Report Published on:

  7. North America continues to contend with an unregulated drug crisis that is impacting communities of all sizes. Community-based participatory research that meaningfully engages people who use drugs, families, a...

    Authors: Holly Mathias, Elsie Duff, Petra Schulz, Sarah Auger, Antoinette Gravel-Ouellette, Teresa Lockhart, Willi McCorriston, Jenn McCrindle, Nyal Mirza, Em Pijl, Tyla Savard and Elaine Hyshka
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:92
    Content type: Perspective Published on:

  8. Substance abuse is a significant public health concern globally, exposing individuals to substantial health risks and mortality. Despite the effectiveness of harm reduction interventions, they remain limited a...

    Authors: Nkeka Peter Tseole and Julian David Pillay
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:91
    Content type: Research Published on:

  9. Public health vending machines (PHVMs) have been shown to improve access to numerous health-promoting supplies. However, they are understudied in the United States and no study of which we are aware has examin...

    Authors: Sean T. Allen, Kristin E. Schneider, Maisie Conrad, Pam Hughes, Allison O’Rourke, Molly C. Reid, Cathy Chavers, Christopher G. Kemp and Melissa Walls
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:90
    Content type: Research Published on:

  10. To stem rising fatal overdoses and other substance use/use disorder (SUD)-related harms, communities are turning to low-barrier harm reduction strategies, such as harm reduction-focused vending machines (VMs) ...

    Authors: Alice Zhang, Matthew Carrillo, Ryan Liu, Sarah M. Ballard, Alexis Reedy-Cooper and Aleksandra E. Zgierska
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:89
    Content type: Review Published on:

  11. Rural Appalachia has been significantly affected by drug-related harms (Hepatitis C, HIV, overdose deaths) over the past two decades, but harm reduction responses still lag behind other regions. Harm reduction...

    Authors: Rachel M. Marschke, April M. Young, Hannah K. Knudsen, Chelsi N. Cheatom and Hannah L. F. Cooper
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:88
    Content type: Research Published on:

  12. Managed Alcohol Programs (MAPs) are a harm reduction strategy designed for individuals with severe AUD, unstable housing, and previous unsuccessful treatment attempts. MAPs provide access to individualized dos...

    Authors: Sybil Goulet-Stock, Tim Stockwell, Meaghan Brown, Deidre Rautenberg and Bernie Pauly
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:87
    Content type: Research Published on:

  13. Drug overdoses are a significant public health concern, but there is limited research on the associated factors among patients presenting to the Emergency Department (ED). We investigated the sociodemographic ...

    Authors: Brian Maila, María Luisa Zúñiga and Carla Marienfeld
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:86
    Content type: Research Published on:

  14. West Virginia, often regarded as the epicenter of the opioid epidemic, has consistently recorded the nation’s highest rates of opioid overdose deaths. The Eastern Panhandle, which includes Berkeley, Morgan, an...

    Authors: Nycole Kothe, Angela Gray, Sarah Guthrie and Michael Londner
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:85
    Content type: Research Published on:

  15. People who use drugs (PWUD) have long required wound care—a need that has become more urgent with the rise of xylazine, an animal tranquilizer in the street opioid supply associated with necrotic wounds. When ...

    Authors: Eleanor Turi, Shoshana V. Aronowitz, Amanda Bettencourt, Allison Li, Jessica Lin, Rachel McFadden, David Mandell and Courtney Benjamin Wolk
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:84
    Content type: Research Published on:

  16. Impacts of the toxic unregulated drug supply are experienced across all geographic regions in Canada, with high rates of fatal and non-fatal overdoses nation-wide. In British Columbia, rates of overdose fatali...

    Authors: Abby Hutchison, Karen Urbanoski, Dennis Hore and Bruce Wallace
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:83
    Content type: Research Published on:

  17. Among people who inject drugs and use opioids, the vast majority have reported experiencing opioid withdrawal symptoms during the past six months. People who use opioids experience significant impediments from...

    Authors: Siddhi S. Ganesh, Erin E. Gould, Rebecca P. Smeltzer, Jesse L. Goldshear, Jimi Huh, Rachel Carmen Ceasar and Ricky N. Bluthenthal
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:82
    Content type: Research Published on:

  18. Syringe services programs (SSPs) reduce the risk of overdose by distributing supplies like naloxone. SSPs also support clients in meeting their basic needs via referrals to organizations providing food, housin...

    Authors: Rachel E. Gicquelais, Caitlin J. Conway, Mikaela Becker, Erika J. Bailey, Cullen Bosworth, Rebecca Miller, Katy Mijal, Emmie Curran, Bianca Barredo, Sydney Taylor, Elizabeth Salisbury-Afshar, David W. Seal, Marguerite Burns and Ryan P. Westergaard
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22(Suppl 1):81
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 22 Supplement 1

  19. This paper explores the perspectives of a group of people with lived and living expertise of unregulated drug use who worked as frontline harm reduction service providers and activists in Canada during the dua...

    Authors: Kat Gallant, Kelsey A. Speed, Alex Betsos, Brandi Abele, Matthew Bonn, Frank Crichlow, Alexandra de Kiewit, Michael Nurse, Alex Sherstobitoff, Natasha Touesnard, Karen Turner and Jade Boyd
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:80
    Content type: Research Published on:

  20. Substance use remains a pressing global public health concern and has shown a marked increase in recent years. This study investigates the characteristics and risk behaviors of individuals who use substances a...

    Authors: Saeid Mirzaei, Vahid Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Mohammad Hossein Mehrolhassani, Nouzar Nakhaee and Nadia Oroomiei
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:79
    Content type: Research Published on:

  21. A recent meta-analysis by Glantz et al. combined odds ratios (ORs) relating e-cigarette use (vaping) to cardiovascular disease, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other endpoints. They as...

    Authors: Peter N. Lee and Konstantinos Farsalinos
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:78
    Content type: Comment Published on:

  22. Globally, there has been a rapid increase in the availability of online gambling. As online gambling has increased in popularity, there has been a corresponding increase in online communities that discuss gamb...

    Authors: Mark van der Maas and Jim Samuel
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:77
    Content type: Research Published on:

  23. More than one million people have died from drug overdose in the United States in the past 20 years. The overdose crisis started in the late 1990s with the proliferation of overdoses involving prescription opi...

    Authors: Cerdá Magdalena, L. Allen Bennett, B. Collins Alexandra, N. Behrends Czarina, Santacatterina Michele, Jent Victoria and D. L. Marshall Brandon
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22(Suppl 1):76
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 22 Supplement 1

  24. This paper examines: (i) the acceptability of, and behavioural outcomes associated with, take-home fentanyl test strips (FTS), and (ii) support for, and preferences regarding, drug checking services among peop...

    Authors: Rachel Sutherland, Maureen Steele, Craig Rodgers, Edmund Silins, Rosie Gilliver, Amy Peacock, Monica Barratt, Nadine Ezard, Krista J. Siefried, Robert Page, Raimondo Bruno and Phillip Read
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:75
    Content type: Research Published on:

  25. Death from opioid use is a growing public health concern, with stark racial and ethnic disparities. The randomized controlled trial described here aims to improve initiation and engagement in harm reduction se...

    Authors: Simon Kapler, Hira Hassan, Alexander Jeremiah, Katurah Bryant, Presto Crespo, Nesta Felix, Sónyi Elena Lopez, Antonio Morales, Sean Reeves and Ayana Jordan
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22(Suppl 1):74
    Content type: Research Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 22 Supplement 1

  26. The party setting is a dynamic social environment where the world of drug use, the role of music, and a multiplicity of social interactions all converge, often marked by the disruption of social and temporal n...

    Authors: Serena Garbolino, Marie Dos Santos, Ombline Pimond, Lionel Sayag, Nicolas Khatmi and Perrine Roux
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:73
    Content type: Research Published on:

  27. Novel strategies are needed to engage people who use stimulants into the continuum of addiction care. Contingency management (CM) is the most effective intervention for stimulant use disorder and may engage no...

    Authors: Linda Peng, Erin Stack, Alexis Cooke, Bryan Hartzler, Ryan Cook, Gillian Leichtling, Christi Hildebran, Judith Leahy, Kelsey Smith Payne, Lynn Kunkel, Kim Hoffman and P. Todd Korthuis
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22(Suppl 1):72
    Content type: Research Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 22 Supplement 1

  28. Adults who smoke cigarettes can benefit from switching completely to electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). Research is needed to examine longer-term switching trajectories beyond one year of follow-up.

    Authors: Arielle Selya, Sooyong Kim, Saul Shiffman and Nicholas Goldenson
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:71
    Content type: Research Published on:

  29. Drawing on a qualitative case study of cannabis compassion clubs and medical dispensaries in British Columbia (Canada), the main goal of this paper is to generate insights that have the potential to advance an...

    Authors: Marilou Gagnon and Heather Hobbs
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:70
    Content type: Research Published on:

  30. Although there is indisputable evidence that supervised consumption services (SCS) help to keep people safe and decrease significant harms associated with substance use, the Canadian public often holds diverge...

    Authors: Em M. Pijl, Michael Golding, Sai Krishna Gudi, Nichole Nayak, John Serieux, Christopher J. Fries, Annie Billings, Souradet Shaw, Rasheda Rabbani, Francine Laurencelle, Corey Guest and Jonny Mexico
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:69
    Content type: Research Published on:

  31. In response to the ongoing drug toxicity crisis, driven by fentanyl and its analogues in the unregulated drug supply, Canada has funded several safer supply programs, which provide pharmaceutical-grade medicat...

    Authors: Frishta Nafeh, Lucas Martignetti, Carol Strike, Gillian Kolla, Matthew Bonn, Caroline Brunelle, Jade Boyd, Elaine Hyshka, Cassidy Morris, Jolene Eeuwes, Heather Hobbs, Elizabeth Haywood, Bernadette Pauly, Dan Werb and Mohammad Karamouzian
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:68
    Content type: Research Published on:

  32. Despite significant efforts to address the opioid overdose crisis, Black people who use drugs (PWUD) face unabating, disproportionate increases in opioid overdose death (OOD) rates. These inequities persist in...

    Authors: Kaytryn D. Campbell, Rachel P. Winograd, Maria E. Paschke, Alex Duello and Devin E. Banks
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:67
    Content type: Research Published on:

  33. Service providers at women’s harm reduction centers maintained direct contact with their clients throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, providing valuable insights into their evolving needs. This study aimed to exp...

    Authors: Azam Rahmani, Maryam Janatolmakan, Elham Rezaei and Malihe Tabarrai
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:66
    Content type: Research Published on:

  34. Effective and comprehensive harm reduction strategies to mitigate gambling-related harms are needed worldwide. The development of such strategies is however resource intensive. Using existing models in multipl...

    Authors: Michael Egerer, Paula Jääskeläinen, Virve Marionneau, Riitta Matilainen, Jussi Palomäki, Eija Pietilä, Mika Tsupari, David C. Hodgins, Matthew M. Young and Sari Castrén
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:65
    Content type: Research Published on:

  35. Black people in the United States face persistent and increasing inequities in addiction treatment access and drug overdose death. Incorporating people with lived experience through community based participato...

    Authors: Devin E. Banks, Maria E. Paschke, Kaytryn D. Campbell, Daje D. Bradshaw-Glenn, Rashmi Ghonasgi, Burton Barr, Arial Collins, Gerald Dennis, Keith Lofton, Alfred Long, Harriet Montgomery, Andreas Prince and Rachel P. Winograd
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:64
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  37. Authors: Bruce Wallace, Irene Shkolnikov, Collin Kielty, Derek Robinson, Lea Gozdzialski, Joshua Jai, Ava Margolese, Pablo Gonzalez-Nieto, Armin Saatchi, Lucas Abruzzi, Taelor Zarkovic, Chris Gill and Dennis Hore
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:62
    Content type: Correction Published on:

    The original article was published in Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:28

  38. Women who inject drugs (WWIDs) belong to a group of people with high-risk behaviors for contracting HIV. In Mozambique there is still limited coverage of combined HIV prevention strategies among WWIDs. These a...

    Authors: Áuria Ribeiro Banze, Carlos Botão, Elídio Muamine, Manuel Condula, Stélio Craveirinha, Makini Boothe, Sofia Gonçalves Seabra, Isabel Craveiro and Cynthia Semá Baltazar
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:61
    Content type: Research Published on:

  39. The implementation of supervised smoking facilities (SSFs) as a harm reduction intervention has public health benefits for people who inhale drugs, but there are significant knowledge gaps surrounding the pers...

    Authors: Courteney Wettemann, Jeffrey Morgan, Tara Taylor, Ardina Boll, Scott Maxwell, Lindsey Richardson, Seonaid Nolan and Jenna van Draanen
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:60
    Content type: Research Published on:

  40. Permanent supportive housing (PSH) is the gold standard intervention for chronic homelessness, but PSH tenants face high risk for overdose due to a combination of individual and environmental risk factors. Lit...

    Authors: Kelly M. Doran, Allison Torsiglieri, Jocelyn Moran, Stephanie Blaufarb, Annie Y. Liu, Emily Ringrose, Cooper Urban, Lauren Velez, Patricia Hernandez, Megan A. O’Grady, Donna Shelley and Charles M. Cleland
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:59
    Content type: Brief Report Published on:

  41. Opioid-related deaths are increasing globally, and synthetic opioids intensify overdose risk. Naloxone can prevent fatalities, although too much can precipitate withdrawal and other negative reactions for the ...

    Authors: Joanne Neale, James Cassidy, Sarah Cosgrove, Ben Carter, Teodora Dascal, Clare Mackie, Nicola Metrebian and John Strang
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:58
    Content type: Research Published on:

  44. Since the early days of the fight against HIV, zines have appeared to play a dual role: they encourage affected communities to voice their experiences and facilitate the exchange of information between researc...

    Authors: Marie Dos Santos, Laélia Briand-Madrid, Joachim Lévy, Jihane El Meddeb and Perrine Roux
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:55
    Content type: Research Published on:

  45. Use of snus, including tobacco and nicotine pouches, is increasing in many countries. Nicotine increases blood pressure (BP) acutely, but the long-term effects of quitting the regular use of snus pouches are u...

    Authors: Peder af Geijerstam, Annelie Joelsson, Karin Rådholm and Fredrik H. Nyström
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:54
    Content type: Research Published on:

  47. In 2017, Clark County, NV, implemented Public Health Vending Machines (PHVMs), an innovative approach to the dispensation of harm reduction supplies to persons who inject drugs (PWID), including sterile equipm...

    Authors: Rachel Q. Bryant, Kathleen Reich, Jessica A. Johnson, Brandon Delise, Ying Zhang, Cassius Lockett and Sean T. Allen
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:52
    Content type: Research Published on:

  48. Over a million people have died from overdose since 1999, over 600,000. of which involved opioids. Treatment options that focus on overdose prevention are desperately needed and buprenorphine treatment is a fo...

    Authors: Ryan Edgerton, Peter Rebeiro, Sam MacMaster, Lisa Bell, Parul Patel, Loren Ginn, Kyra Beach, Veeraj Shah and R. Lyle Cooper
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:51
    Content type: Research Published on:

  50. Understanding the hepatitis C virus (HCV) cascade of care (CoC) and factors associated with engagement is crucial for designing interventions for achieving HCV elimination. However, data on engagement in the H...

    Authors: Mehrdad Khezri, Fatemeh Tavakoli, Soheil Mehmandoost, Heidar Sharafi, Omid Zamani, Maliheh Sadat Bazrafshani, Naser Nasiri, Hossein Mirzaei, Hossein Moameri, Ali Akbar Haghdoost, Courtney McKnight, Don Des Jarlais, Mohammad Karamouzian and Hamid Sharifi
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2025 22:49
    Content type: Research Published on:
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  • ISSN: 1477-7517 (electronic)

Harm Reduction Journal

ISSN: 1477-7517